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Wiener Gruppe (''Vienna Group'') was a small and loose avant-garde constellation of Austrian poets and writers, which arose from an older and wider postwar association of artists called Art-Club.〔Thomas Eder and Juliane Vogel, 2008〕 The group was formed around 1954 under the influence of H. C. Artmann (1921–2000) in Vienna and existed for about a decade.〔Peter Weibel, 1997〕 Besides Artmann are Friedrich Achleitner (b. 1930), Konrad Bayer (1932–1964), Gerhard Rühm (b. 1930) and Oswald Wiener (b. 1935) regarded as members.〔Gerhard Rühm, 1985〕 This group showed interest in the Baroque literature, as well as in Expressionism, Dadaism and Surrealism.〔F. Achleitner and W. Fetz, 1998〕 Important impulses also came from upholders of linguistic scepticism, linguistic criticism and linguistic philosophy, such as Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Fritz Mauthner or Ludwig Wittgenstein.〔Michael Backes, 2001〕 The linguistic awareness of the Wiener Gruppe was also displayed in the members notion of language as optic and acoustic material.〔Peter Weibel, 1997〕 Already in the early 1950s concrete poetry became an exciting new element of at least the works of Rühm, Achleitner and Wiener. Readings and recordings became important parts of the activity. With the charm of novelty, several members also made use of the richness of sounds and vocabulary of their own Bavarian and Vienna dialect. Furthermore, the group was trying out text montage.〔artmann, bayer and rühm: ''montagen 1956'' (1964)〕 As H. C. Artmann in 1958 took his own line, the suicide of Konrad Bayer in 1964 definitely put an end to Wiener Gruppe.〔Gerhard Rühm, 1985〕 == Footnotes == 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wiener Gruppe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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